The concept of derivatives is not that hard to understand.
Derivatives are a bet on something happening in the future. It is usually a bet on the future price of something, but lately there are derivatives betting on the weather and on economic reports. Most of us are familiar with the futures market where people bet on the price of wheat, corn and chocolate.
I think there are four inherent problems with derivatives.
1. These are bets. Betting is MUCH MORE FUN than the tedious process of lending money. A bet is quick and exiting. A loan is credit checks, contracts, understanding the underlying need for the loan, and collecting the loan payments.
2. The bettor believes that he is lowering his risk by investing, then placing a derivative bet that the investment will fail. The reliance on the offsetting bet means that the original investment does not get the risk scrutiny that it should.
3. Many of these bets are done without the bettor putting up the money to cover any losses incurred when the bet is lost. The bettor fondly thinks that he is reducing his risk. But there is no risk reduction if the other party to the bet cannot pay for his losses.
4. All of this betting ties up capital that could be used to invest in real people and real business.
I am not the only one who dislikes derivatives. Warren Buffet does not like them either. In fact, he has offered a reward to anyone that can prove derivative betting makes more money than prudent investing over the long term.
All of this betting is almost totally unregulated. Banks regularly lose billions of dollars on derivative trading. Banks are risking the money deposited by customers to make derivative bets. Taxpayers guarantee these deposits.
Wikipedia says that AIG was betting on insurance derivatives, which is why they almost brought down the entire world economy. The betting made them think they had covered their risks, when it actually made them blind to their risks.